{"id":29485,"date":"2023-05-10T11:30:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-10T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/idronline.org\/?post_type=article&#038;p=29485"},"modified":"2025-08-18T12:52:05","modified_gmt":"2025-08-18T07:22:05","slug":"how-can-nonprofits-ensure-peoples-participation-in-lawmaking","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/idronline.org\/kn-in\/article\/advocacy-government\/how-can-nonprofits-ensure-peoples-participation-in-lawmaking\/","title":{"rendered":"How can nonprofits ensure people\u2019s participation in lawmaking?"},"content":{"rendered":"<?xml encoding=\"utf-8\" ?><figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"IDR Explains | How can nonprofits ensure people&rsquo;s participation in lawmaking?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/e52Lk1iK-0o?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure><p><\/p><p>Among the many tools we have as citizens to engage with the government, our ability to shape draft laws is often overlooked. In February 2014, heeding to the demand for greater transparency and legitimacy in lawmaking, the Ministry of Law and Justice drafted India&rsquo;s <a href=\"https:\/\/cdnbbsr.s3waas.gov.in\/s380537a945c7aaa788ccfcdf1b99b5d8f\/uploads\/2023\/02\/2023021333.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pre-Legislative Consultation Policy (PLCP)<\/a>.<\/p><p>The policy has great significance for organisations working in the domains of environment and climate change as a number of development projects and environmental laws undergo mandatory consultation.<br><br>Apart from other measures of reform, this policy states that:<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Any draft law, rule, or amendment passed by central or state legislatures must undergo a mandatory consultation period.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>During this period (which typically lasts 30 days), a draft law has to be placed in the public domain for feedback from concerned stakeholders.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The onus also lies on the government to circulate the draft law more widely among marginalised communities and stakeholders and invite feedback from people.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Subsequent to the period during which comments are invited, the government must publish the comments received and its response to them in the public domain.<\/li>\n<\/ul><p>While one may wonder to what degree the mandate is being followed, it is heartening to note that since 2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.civis.vote\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Civis<\/a> (a nonprofit that works on co-creating laws) has observed an 805 percent increase in the number of consultations opened for public feedback&mdash;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dropbox.com\/s\/wyws4n8omhspe67\/PLCP%2520Compliance%2520Tracker.pdf?dl=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here&rsquo;s<\/a> Civis&rsquo;s data on the accessibility of environmental laws.<\/p><div class=\"idron-article-in-content\" style=\"margin-bottom: 15px;\" id=\"idron-1183946054\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/what-is-idr-answers\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"What is IDR Answers Page Banner\"><img src=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/What-is-IDR-Answers-Page-Banner-1.png\" alt=\"What is IDR Answers Page Banner\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/What-is-IDR-Answers-Page-Banner-1.png 1250w, https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/What-is-IDR-Answers-Page-Banner-1-300x60.png 300w, https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/What-is-IDR-Answers-Page-Banner-1-1024x205.png 1024w, https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/What-is-IDR-Answers-Page-Banner-1-150x30.png 150w, https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/What-is-IDR-Answers-Page-Banner-1-768x154.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1250px) 100vw, 1250px\" width=\"1250\" height=\"250\"   \/><\/a><\/div><p>Simultaneously, courts are leveraging the mandate of effective consultation to ensure greater protection of the rights of marginalised communities. While dealing with an appeal against environmental clearances granted to a mining project in Goa, in the case of <a href=\"https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/188721650\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Utkarsh Mandal vs Union of India<\/em><\/a>, the Delhi High Court upheld the legal requirement of public consultation. It noted that a 30-day period between the publication of an executive summary&mdash;that informs citizens of the details and implications of such a project&mdash;and the date of the public hearing is mandatory. While opining on the issue of multiple hearings conducted on the same day, the court noted that adequate opportunity needs to be given to the citizens in order to secure their participation in the consultation process. This is because, quite often, persons belonging to marginalised communities are not able to participate in multiple hearings, as it results in their absence from their place of employment.<\/p><p>Similarly, the National Green Tribunal in their judgement on <a href=\"https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/5723251\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Ossis Fernandes &amp; Ors vs Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change<\/em><\/a> suggested conditions such as preventing political interference during the public hearing, providing adequate opportunity for every voice to be heard and recorded, and presenting relevant technical and scientific data in order to facilitate an effective public consultation.<\/p><p>While stakeholders such as the judiciary continue to incorporate the PLCP guidelines in their work, how can nonprofits that work closely with marginalised communities help in facilitating people&rsquo;s participation?&nbsp;<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/videovolunteers\/17218665822\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><picture><source media=\"(max-width: 1366px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/a-woman-interviewing-an-older-woman-768x510.jpg\"><source media=\"(max-width: 1540px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/a-woman-interviewing-an-older-woman.jpg\"><source media=\"(max-width: 2000px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/a-woman-interviewing-an-older-woman.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/a-woman-interviewing-an-older-woman.jpg\" alt=\"a woman interviewing and recording another woman--lawmaking\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\"><\/source><\/source><\/source><\/picture><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Grassroots organisations are uniquely placed to build consensus because of their frequent interaction with stakeholders. | Picture courtesy: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/videovolunteers\/17218665822\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Video Volunteers<\/a> \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CC BY<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-role-of-nonprofits\">The role of nonprofits<\/h3><p>As organisations working in specific domain areas, our work and expertise may often intersect with public policy formation. While some organisations&mdash;for example, <a href=\"https:\/\/wri-india.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">World Resources Institute<\/a> (which <a href=\"https:\/\/ghhin.org\/resources\/mumbai-climate-action-plan-2022\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">assisted<\/a> the Government of Maharashtra in drafting Mumbai&rsquo;s Climate Action Plan)&mdash;work directly at the level of policymaking, the role of grassroots nonprofits and community-based organisations participating in the process of consultation cannot be ignored.<\/p><p>For civil society organisations (CSOs), here are a few ways to stay engaged with the policymaking process:<\/p><div class=\"idron-content\" id=\"idron-3230811981\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/donate\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"donate banner\"><img src=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Donate-banner-1.jpg\" alt=\"donate banner\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Donate-banner-1.jpg 1250w, https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Donate-banner-1-300x60.jpg 300w, https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Donate-banner-1-1024x205.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Donate-banner-1-150x30.jpg 150w, https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Donate-banner-1-768x154.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1250px) 100vw, 1250px\" width=\"1250\" height=\"250\"   \/><\/a><\/div><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading secondlevel\" id=\"h-1-spread-awareness\">1. Spread awareness<\/h3><p>At the most fundamental level, grassroots organisations and media provide a platform to build awareness among stakeholders about any new law or policy that may impact their lives and livelihood.<br><br>For example, in 2019, the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation <a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/city\/mumbai\/bmc-invites-feedback-on-aarey-colony-trees-to-be-cut\/articleshow\/70017796.cms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">advertised<\/a> in the newspapers to invite public comments on the issue of the felling of 2,238 trees in Aarey Colony, Mumbai. A local community organisation, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.letindiabreathe.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Let India Breathe<\/a>, disseminated information on the importance of participating in this consultation through WhatsApp and social media platforms. They provided detailed instructions on the submission of feedback via e-mail, resulting in increased participation.<\/p><p>Providing this awareness at the drafting stage of the law offers community organisations the opportunity to make representations if feasible. More importantly, it helps the communities they work with to understand the changing tides of the industry and other factors that may impact their livelihood in the coming years.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading secondlevel\" id=\"h-2-involve-your-communities-in-impact\">2. Involve your communities in impact<\/h3><p>As organisations, we may frequently make strong recommendations on policy decisions based on our independent experience in the field. However, involving our communities in the representations made has a crucial function.<\/p><p>In 2020, the <a href=\"https:\/\/socialjustice.gov.in\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ministry of Social Justice<\/a> was seeking feedback on the <a href=\"https:\/\/prsindia.org\/billtrack\/draft-transgender-persons-protection-of-rights-rules-2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">draft rules<\/a> for transgender people, which specified the process by which transgender persons could apply for an identity card. Among <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/civis-vote\/from-protest-to-dialogue-90bd2a83aec2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">other feedback shared<\/a>, members of the transgender community&mdash;many of whom first heard about the rules through CSOs&mdash;gave specific and actionable suggestions. The recommendations included inputs such as not making last names mandatory in the application form&mdash;a simple measure that made it easier for members to apply for the cards. Such nuanced insights are frequently taken into consideration by government officials, as they are keen to provide clarity in the law and ensure that all possible areas of contention are covered.<\/p><blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Strength in numbers always helps convey the gravity of an argument arising on a draft law.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote><p>Last but not least, strength in numbers always helps convey the gravity of an argument arising on a draft law. As an example, one can think back to <a href=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/csr-amendments-2020-and-what-you-can-do-about-them\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the amendments<\/a> to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.csr.gov.in\/content\/csr\/global\/master\/home\/aboutcsr\/csr-legislation.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CSR legislation<\/a> for nonprofits that were published in 2020. This amendment proposed that only <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ipleaders.in\/section-8-of-companies-act-2013\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Section 8 companies<\/a>, not trusts or societies, should be eligible to receive CSR funding. Unanimous opinion among those who responded to the consultation on Civis&rsquo;s platform was that trusts and societies should also be eligible to receive CSR funding. Soon after, this feedback was <a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/blogs\/developing-contemporary-india\/csr-act-amendments-all-you-need-to-know\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">incorporated<\/a> and now all types of CSOs can apply for CSR funding.<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading secondlevel\" id=\"h-3-streamline-feedback\">3. Streamline feedback<\/h3><p>While involving communities in policymaking may seem an arduous and chaotic task, grassroots organisations are uniquely placed to build consensus because of their frequent interaction with stakeholders, trust among the community, and the depth of their work in specific geographies. Their understanding of community dynamics and perspectives, as well as <a href=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/ground-up-stories\/a-game-to-start-conversations-around-water-conservation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">unique methodologies<\/a> of facilitation (such as community mapping or group discussions), make this process constructive and engaging.<\/p><p>However, community-based organisations have their own challenges. Only a few organisations working at the grassroots level have their own advocacy teams or policy resources that can track and engage with such consultations. But some of these roadblocks can be overcome with the help of the following tools and methods:&nbsp;<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Open-source resources:<\/strong> Open-source resources that track and surface consultations in specific thematic areas can be used with considerable ease. Websites (such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.teamleaseregtech.com\/legalupdates\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TeamLease<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.civis.vote\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Civis<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/ourgovdotin.wordpress.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Our Gov.in<\/a>) and Telegram groups&nbsp;help share new laws that are open to public feedback. They also have summaries of the law, which in some cases are free to be reused.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>IVR and WhatsApp: <\/strong>To engage with stakeholders, tools such as interactive voice response (IVR) and WhatsApp&mdash;which social tech companies like <a href=\"https:\/\/gramvaani.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gram Vaani<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/glific.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Glific<\/a> provide for nonprofits&mdash;can be leveraged. During <a href=\"https:\/\/thewire.in\/politics\/a-personal-encounter-with-the-jawabdehi-yatra-in-rajasthan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a social accountability movement<\/a> in Rajasthan, a coalition of six organisations&mdash;including <a href=\"https:\/\/mkssindia.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan<\/a> (a nonprofit focused on workers&rsquo; rights) and Gram Vaani&mdash;came together to send in responses to a Government of Rajasthan consultation. Since the impacted residents were predominantly in rural parts of the state, WhatsApp and IVR were used to gather public feedback from 1,992 citizens. Apart from the technology used, the combined efforts of the organisations in mobilising people highlighted how coalitions among grassroots nonprofits allow leveraging of the unique strengths of each participant.<\/li>\n<\/ul><p>If the increasing number of public consultations over the years is any indicator to go by, the realm of consultation is one that holds considerable opportunity for us to make the legal system truly inclusive.&nbsp;Ultimately, inclusive laws and policies can amplify the impact of customs and best practices that we&rsquo;re already seeing on the ground. The process of consultation is one of the ways through which civil society can bring about change at a larger scale.<\/p><p>In the realm of climate policy, the impetus for participation is even greater as indigenous practices can inform a sustainable approach for our ecosystems as a whole. However, these practices need to find their way to decision-makers at the right time.<br>&mdash;<\/p><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-know-more\">Know more<\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Read <a href=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/article\/rights\/citizens-should-have-a-say-in-the-laws-that-affect-their-lives\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">this article<\/a> to know why citizens need to be consulted in lawmaking.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Read <a href=\"https:\/\/theleaflet.in\/a-seat-at-the-table-public-participation-in-the-environmental-decision-making-process-in-india\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">this article<\/a> to learn how India&rsquo;s legal system can ensure people&rsquo;s participation in environmental decision-making.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/the-need-for-a-proper-pre-legislative-consultation-policy\/article37677558.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">this article<\/a> to understand why India needs a proper Pre-Legislative Consultation Policy.<\/li>\n<\/ul><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-do-more\">Do more<\/h3><ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If you are a civil society or grassroots organisation looking to embark on the journey of consultation in the environment and climate change domain, please go through the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.civis.vote\/consultations\/473\/read?utm_source=IDR&amp;utm_medium=media&amp;utm_campaign=climate-primer&amp;utm_id=climate-primer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Climate Voices Handbook<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"idron-troublemakers-placement\" style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\" id=\"idron-829570353\"><a href=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/donate\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"donate banner\"><img src=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Donate-banner-1.jpg\" alt=\"donate banner\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Donate-banner-1.jpg 1250w, https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Donate-banner-1-300x60.jpg 300w, https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Donate-banner-1-1024x205.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Donate-banner-1-150x30.jpg 150w, https:\/\/idronline.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Donate-banner-1-768x154.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1250px) 100vw, 1250px\" width=\"1250\" height=\"250\"   \/><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":29486,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","categories":[28,582],"tags":[3666,3693,3707,3709],"series":[],"meta-filter":[],"schema-filter":[743],"no-display":[],"class_list":["post-29485","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-advocacy-government","category-instagram","tag-marginalised-communities","tag-public-policy","tag-social-change","tag-social-sector","contributor-antaraa-vasudev","states-india","schema-filter-article"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How can nonprofits ensure people\u2019s participation in lawmaking? 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