Led by Vinoba Bhave, Gramdan, or collective land ownership by villages, emerged as a major social movement in the 1950s and ‘60s. While more than 3,000 gramdani villages exist even today, these communities face complex challenges.
Originally devised to help organisations reflect and learn from their work, monitoring, evaluation, and learning has been reduced to a reporting tool. How can this change?
Social science research often involves collecting personal and sensitive information. Data de-identification is one key way researchers can protect participants’ privacy.
By early 2025, 10,000 FPOs had been set up in India under a central government scheme. But a focus on targets risks undermining what makes FPOs truly viable—community ownership, infrastructure, and capacity building.